Education and Career Forum

what is a DNA?its significance in biological system.
i came across this dna many a times.

Originally Posted by afrozala

what is a DNA?its significance in biological system.
i came across this dna many a times.

What is DNA? Significance of DNA in Biological system?

DNA

DNA stands for Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid and is the most significant part of every body and thus found in all organism in earth.

DNA structure in Short

• Small amount of DNA can be found in mitochorndia but most of the dna are found in cell Nucleus.
  
• Each DNA is made of two nucleotides that have backbones made from phosphate and sugar groups and are joined together by ester bonds.
  
• The nucleotides are anti-parallel, which means they run in the opposite direction of each other. Four types of molecules, called bases, are attached to each sugar.
  
• The bases are as follows :
  • Adenine
  • Thymine
  • cytosine
  • Guanine
• The bases are sequenced along the backbones in a way that encodes information.
  
• The information that is encoded is used by use of the genetic code; this shows the specific sequence of amino acids within the proteins
  
• The process of reading this information is called transcription. DNA is organized within cells as long structures called chromosomes; when these chromosomes are duplicated before they are divided, the process is called DNA replication.

Significance of DNA

• It is responsible for carrying the heredetary property from one generation to another. In other words , the sun of a father posssess some properties of his father and this is only due to the presence of dna.
  
• So the main importance of DNA is only that it transfers the properties and characteristics of father to offspring.
  
  

With Regards
ravik1214